A map of the Alpine valleys of the Waldensians in Piedmont

A map of valleys of Lucerna,Perosa and Po, centred on Lucerna, the region where the Waldensian 'heresy' evolved and took root. In the top left is the Waldensian emblem of a lit candlestick with six stars and the motto 'In tenebris lux'. It was drawn by Valerio Grosso (c. 1585-1649/50), a Waldensian minister, c.1640, 15 years before the 'Piedmonte Easter', in which the Duke of Savoy ordered a massacre of the inhabitants. This version was engraved by Jan van Somer for Jean Léger's ''Histoire générale des églises évangéliques des vallées de Piémont; ou vaudoises'', which detailed the atrocities of the massacre, causing outrage in the Protestant countries of Europe, including England and Holland.