French geological map of Arabia

Detailed geological map of the Arabian Peninsula. The map highlights the surface of the Precambrian Basement, the oldest exposed rock formations in the region. Stretching across large portions of the western Arabian Peninsula, this basement corresponds to the Arabian Shield, which consists of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The Main Zagros Thrust, a prominent fault line running parallel to the Zagros Suture Zone, defines the northeastern boundary of the Arabian Plate and signifies the geological boundary formed by the collision of the Arabian and Eurasian Plates. Extensive dune formations are visible in the southeastern regions, with the Rub’ al Khali (Empty Quarter) desert being particularly dominant. These dunes represent Quaternary deposits that cover vast areas of the region. The gulf of Persia is also named "G. Arabe" (gulf of Arabia).